Performance of Information Systems through Organizational Culture Essay Example for Free

Execution of Information Systems through Organizational Culture Essay The goal of this paper is to decide the significance of the association between the hierarchical culture and the data framework which can be fundamental to accomplish basic business objectives. Anyway the best possible meaning of data framework (IS) is significant, as various individuals make disarray in this regard, which as per Anderson (1992) it is the framework which catches, records, and rearrange information at that point gives results which are valuable to administrative purposes. Then again data innovation IT is just the mechanical piece of IS and the authoritative culture is essentially the state of affairs done in a firm. The connection of these frameworks would bring about immense points of interest. Presently it is that we have correctly seen its clarification, IS and hierarchical culture. We should now take a gander at their interconnectedness. IT and hierarchical culture are consolidated so as to have factual and significant data from the crude and unarranged information which is the data for dynamic, anyway the attainability of the usage of such framework is significant as far as innovation and its expense. When a thought or conviction is acknowledged by a bigger gathering it is said o be incredible and on the off chance that it is acknowledged by a particular gathering, at that point subcultures are said to exist and establish what culture is prevailing, and based on this culture two conclusions are made one which says that yes IT is significant and the subsequent which recognizes IT as the crucial premise of the Seems to be, anyway it is likewise significant that the new culture ought to be actualized or implied for a not so distant in the long haul and not for the time being, as the present moment makes multifaceted nature very prior when contrasted with long haul approach, if there is some component of deviation of supposition. Regardless of what is an official conclusion is, the completing of the execution procedure is significant, as of now in many firms there exists a ‘’IT authority culture’’ which includes just the IT staff in this procedure and clearly isn't a lot of powerful. In this manner it is significant that in the execution of an IS, IT staff ought to be included as well as the top administration and the clients of this IS ought to likewise be included with the goal that their prerequisites are provided food in a productive and viable manner. Hypothetical standards or nuts and bolts Today the world is transformed into a powerful commercial center, where firms need to contend as far as costs, effectiveness and innovation. For this reason specialists have understood the significance of data frameworks (IS) with data innovation (IT) as its premise, consolidated along with the hierarchical culture. The ideal mix of these three significant frameworks of a firm a firm can accomplish a serious status on the planet showcase. In this way it is imperative to have such components in the firm so as to accomplish organizations crucial objectives. For this reason social change is to be fused, given that it is the state of affairs done or the arrangement of standards of the firm, in this manner the air pocket like methodology of consolidating social changes is supposed to be the best one. Under this thought of air pocket like social change, comes the possibility of informatics and enlightening society. Is additionally significant, anyway greater part of individuals mistake it for IT anyway the right clarification are the one talked about before. The execution of IS’s in the vast majority of the organizations has come about into different advantaged to the organizations; quickly it empowers the administration to secure important data from the crude information and later to help dynamic. Be that as it may, the fruitful implmetation and utilization of the IS requires three significant parts which are: 1, the information or data, the individuals (implementers and clients) and the material assets. Here the information can be any information structure model organizations truncations or employee’s records, and the material assets are the mechanical strong gear for instance office furniture and PCs and so forth and ultimately the individuals are the client and the implementers of the IS. Presently with individuals here comes the thought of authoritative culture, the way of life as per the IS and IT assumes a significant job in the event that these three things are in line or are in understanding, at that point essentia l preferences can be seen which are examined as follows: Â · As it diminishes the tension and disarray made by the IT/IS, it bolsters the adjustment of the natural changes, in this way it contributes decidedly to the general fulfillment level of the interior staff who have been engaged with its usage. Â · Â Enables the administration to know whether the implantation id acknowledged by the clients. Â · Â Social relations are made when the implementers and clients of various offices meet to actualize the framework. This adds to the inspiration level of the workers. Â · Tells the clients that which data will be accessible at what area in what time. Â · Â Determines the viability of the IT/IS related to the methods for correspondence, as both inside and outside, it is a crucial way correspondence. Â · Â As it clarifies that what are the standards and practices of the element, a sentiment of solid solidarity is made. Interconnectedness of IT, IS and Organizational Culture An is made with the goal that significant data can be determined out of the crude information, in this manner it is that an is liable for changing over information into data and thusly amount and nature of the data is significant. Anyway the connection between information, culture and data framework is significant. Just a compelling IS can be created when there is ideal connection between's these three. And afterward just data which is significant can be gotten and utilized for administrative purposes. We have talked about that fitting individuals in appropriated places is significant, another point about the practicality as far as innovation and account. On the off chance that there are no adequate money related and mechanical help and assets, at that point the utilization of the IS may not be effective, for instance if because of absence of account some significant highlights of the IS are avoided from the arrangement then it won’t produce precise and important outcomes. Another manner by which its relationship and hierarchical can be surveyed can be furnished with two inquiries that whether it is the IT which makes the lines of an authoritative culture or whether it is the authoritative culture that concludes that whether IT arrangements ought to be fused or not; answers to these can be this if there is solid inclination among the clients of the IS and other supporting staff that the utilization of IT has come about into the advantages of some specific gathering, office or an individual then joining of automated arrangement will shape as the organizations standards or at the end of the day culture since lion's share believes that yes IT is significant. Anyway it is additionally conceivable that inverse can occur, which can be additionally explained in a path that there have been inverse practices in regard of the conversation between the administration and assembling part. This is on the grounds that in assembling organizations there is a greater amount of difficult work and computerization and IT is joined less significantly along these lines a culture in assembling would be less perfect to the IT, while in the administration division a greater amount of IT arrangements are required and computerization is included to a bigger degree in this manner there is solid proof of the way that data innovation can set the value’s and standards of the firm. Presently there is an inquiry that which approach is the best? This is troublesome inquiry to answer on the grounds that the two effectsly affect one another, however considering present day business methods IT/IS arrangements have been increasingly powerful on the social practices, this is on the grounds that an IS robotizes the progression of information as well as gives the board choices methods of getting things done in regard of effectiveness, precision, and practicality. Explicit Relationship of Information System and the Organizational Culture It is conceivable that there exists a contention between the standards or social acts of two gatherings in an element. Consequently, it is in imperative enthusiasm of the organizations that these distinctions are redressed, in light of the fact that when there is one basic method of doing things proficiency and practicality are inclined to happen alongside economies of scale ( arriving at a position when for every unit cost is most reduced). All the more explicitly these divergences can be that a bigger gathering underpins one view and a littler gathering bolsters the opposite this is known as the subculture. Differentiation between these two suppositions is essential so that there may be an informatics or an in educational culture. Where informatics is that for instance use of IT is significant, and the instructive culture is with more detail where it says so as to settle on right and precise choices IT ought to be joined as the premise of a Seems to be. The principal culture is straightforward yet the subsequent one really expounds, it additionally remembers for it the primary culture and furthermore the authoritative conduct and the data information. It anyway important that so as to have an effective change of IT into an IS, transformation of informatics culture into the in educational culture is essential. Enlightening and Informatics Culture; Features It is since we have come to realize that what are the two societies now we should examine what one is to be changed into the other through authoritative mediation. At the point when we talk about the informatics culture the case is that it just considers the expenses of the IT division just for the time being, along these lines it overlooks the drawn out innovative work process which can result into the organizations entombs this is the reason it is a typical case that organizations end up in spending more and procuring less fro

Online Social Network Bring More Benefits Than Harm for Teens Essay

Interpersonal interaction is even used to demonstrate the authenticity or validity of the person. From amusement, data to profession improvement, long range interpersonal communication has for all intents and purposes changed the manner in which individuals convey and interface on the web. Be that as it may, informal organizations despite everything need to confront certain difficulties particularly on the users’ end since these difficulties could hurt clients and the social network’s notoriety. It is significant for clients of interpersonal organization to consider these issues that encompass the informal community. By recollecting these difficulties, clients will have the option to shield themselves from negative repercussions on certain issues on interpersonal organization. Protection as the Main Concern The main issue clients just as informal organization chairmen face ordinary is security. It can occur in some random time with or without the client on the web. Assaults on various long range interpersonal communication site are consistently a chance on the grounds that the information secured by interpersonal organizations are too valuable to be in any way disregarded by aggressors. Infections, spywares and worms that plan to creep through security conventions of informal organizations are continually undermining interpersonal organizations. Extensive time and assets are constantly spent by interpersonal organizations so as to keep up security of their clients. A solitary assault could make each client defenseless against security related issues, for example, wholesale fraud. Data Access to person to person communication sites shifts. Some site will permit any client to get to data of people despite the fact that they are not part of the user’s arrange while some interpersonal organization disallow access to any type of data without affirmation from the profile proprietor. Issues with respect to data access could be totally constrained by client however unapproved access could at present happen particularly for the individuals who are simply beginning to comprehend the guidelines of various informal organizations. Refreshed Notification Every interpersonal organization gives continuous warning ordinarily through email if there are any adjustments in the user’s profile. However, most warnings are exceptionally restricted and they are typically on the positive things that occurred on the interpersonal organization. For instance, when a solicitation to associate is asked, the client will naturally be advised through email or any informing framework the client likes. Be that as it may, interpersonal organizations will never advise the client on the off chance that somebody readily evacuates their association. This is done to stay away from encounters between clients which fundamentally influence the relationship. Abuse of Social Networks Tragically, there are the individuals who utilize informal organization for tricks and other unlawful purposes. There have been reports far and wide that informal communities are utilized to spread gossipy tidbits, lies or debasing messages that could influence the person’s notoriety. â€Å"Cyber bullying† or a demonstration of being antagonistic to another client online has likewise been seen in some informal communities. This kind of activities ought to never be permitted in any interpersonal organization. Clients must be cautious on the veracity of the information they get and to accept activities at the earliest opportunity when something unfortunate is found on interpersonal organizations. Assurance for Children Aside from protection and abuse of interpersonal organizations, the helplessness of minors is likewise a major issue for every informal community. While some informal communities are equipped towards grown-ups, most interpersonal organizations are available to everybody †including minors. Sadly, minors on informal organizations could become focuses of sexual stalkers that can shroud their genuine character in various interpersonal organizations. While a few administrators have made strides in keeping these wrongdoers from utilizing informal organizations these endeavors could be handily shortened particularly when the guilty party is more than acquainted with the web.

Business Ethics for Case Study of Michel - myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Examine about theBusiness Ethics for Case Study of Michel. Answer: Presentation Business morals are the moral and good standards, which manage an association towards right course (Su 2014). This investigation will survey the moral dillemma for the situation investigation of Michel, who is an item trough of a specialized new business and gave by his manager with the secret and private data of the serious organizations. In addition, his supervisor has unscrupulously gotten to the secret and private data of competive firms from their organization server (Weber 2001). This examination will likewise conversation Michels dos according to important moral hypotheses. The examination will likewise evaluate the supervisor of Michel as either moral or unscrupulous. Aside from that, the examination will likewise recommend wheather Michel ought to whistleblow in such circumstance or not for forestalling the unscrupulous activity of the supervisor in future. Moreover, the investigation will likewise give four motivations to which business morals are applicable to the business . Moral Issue in Case Scenario Moral issue characterizes a tricky circumstance, which requires an individual or an association to choose between choices that must be surveyed as moral or exploitative. In business or hierarchical setting, it includes dynamic, which is really lined up with feeling of right or misleading quality (Floyd et al. 2013). For the situation, the supervisor of Michel has deceptively gotten to significant and private data of contender associations. Additionally, the manager has gotten to the private and classified information of the contender organizations without taking any authorization from them. The manager has addressed Michel that he has not by and by broken any secret key. Be that as it may, he has gotten the data through electronic access by means of an associate. It may not make any genuine legitimate entanglement yet it is clearly a genuine moral situation in the association. According to the authoritative set of principles, no association has option to get to any private and secret data of different organizations (May, Luth and Schwoerer 2014). In this way, for this situation, the manager of Michel has clearly penetrated the moral limits of the association by getting to the private and secret data of contender organizations with no authorization from them. Then again, the manager has likewise asked Michel not to give this issue to any other individual. Thusly, he is likewise penetrating the straightforwardness of the association. Additionally, it can make a circumstance of doubt among the workers. Consequently, it is prompting moral difficulty in the association. Michaels Dos Using Ethical Theories Michels Dos Using Justice Theory of Ethics The unscrupulous action of Michels supervisor can be viably surveyed through Virtue Theory of Ethics. As indicated by Rozuel (2016), uprightness hypothesis of morals exceptionally centers around the ethical character or brain of an individual as opposed to the aftereffect of their activities. In addition, genuineness and liberality lead an individual towards moral activities. In any case, for this situation, the manager of Michel has insincerely and unscrupulously got to the private and classified data of the contender organizations. The case situation exhibits an off-base and untrustworthy intension of the supervisor towards increasing upper hand through dishonestly emulating the field-tested strategies and assets of different contenders. Then again, Alwi, Ali and Nguyen (2017) opined that goodness hypothesis additionally shows moral qualities of an individual, which can prompt joy for other people. Be that as it may, for the situation, the manager will make significant issues for t he contenders however dishonestly getting to hypothesis significant information and utilizing their marketable strategies. In such circumstance, Michel ought to request support to his supervisor for his dishonest conduct. Besides, he ought to be firm on his own morals and don't concur with the inadvertent action of his chief. Michels Dos Using Duty of Care Ethical Theory As per Robertson, Voegtlin and Maak (2017), obligation of care morals propose individuals to follow with standard set of accepted rules, while they are playing out certain exercises. Also, the activities ought not hurt others from any point. According to this hypothesis, the obligation of an individual is to keep away from any demonstration, which is probably going to make hurt others. For this situation, the supervisor of Michel has dishonestly gotten to the private and classified data of the contender organizations without their consent. Such movement of the manager can really hurt the business accomplishment of the contender organizations, while a similar marketable strategy will be executed by different organizations. Along these lines, according to this hypothesis, the manager has led a moral movement. Then again, Michaelson et al. (2014) opined that the activity of an individual is viewed as careless, on the off chance that it doesn't satisfy the guideline of care for other peo ple. For this situation, the deceptive access of contenders private data can likewise destroy the notoriety of his association, if such secret information goes out. The movement of the manager doesn't satisfy the guideline of care in any event, for his own association. In such circumstance, Michel should cause his to comprehend about the burden of moral data access of different organizations. Then again, Michel ought to likewise propose his manager some other elective proposals for increasing upper hand, with the goal that the supervisor never rehashes the equivalent for increasing upper hand. Observation for Michaels Boss The manager of Michel has gotten to the private and classified information of contender organizations from the contending organizations servers. He has not by and by broken any secret word, yet he acquired the electronic access from an associate. Be that as it may, getting to private and secret information of others without their authorization is constantly an exploitative action whether be it in business setting or in close to home setting (Brenkert 2016). In this manner, there is clear proof that the supervisor of Michel is totally deceptive. Then again, Wang and Calvano (2015) opined that association ought to consistently keep up its straightforwardness with the entirety of its partners. Absence of straightforwardness shows moral quandary in an association. For this situation, the supervisor of Michel is concealing the unscrupulous access of secret data from the authoritative partners. It demonstrates an unauthentic and exploitative psyche of the chief, who needs to increase upper hand through dishonestly getting to the private data of the contenders. In addition, unauthentic access of classified data can likewise hamper the upper hand of the contender organizations. Aside from that, the unauthentic and exploitative access of data can likewise hamper the corporate picture of the association, if this activity goes out to media. In this way, the action of Michel manager is really being hurtful for the two his rivals just as for his own organization. It demonstrates that the manager of Michel is clearly deceptive. Whistleblowing At certain circumstance when a representative discovers infringement of morals inside the association doneeither purposely and accidentally by directors, seniors or different friends, which may trigger fast approaching threat for the organization, he raises the worry. This is known as whistleblowing, which helps in securing corporate picture. As indicated by Near and Miceli (2016), workers of an association invest wholeheartedly in making corporate progress be that as it may, since infringement of morals prompts harm of ones own spirit, it prompts whistleblowing. Then again, Campbell and Gritz (2014) brought up that when a representative finds demonstrated morals infringement that may prompt hamper partner moral and make negative exposure, it persuades informants to raise the worry. While considering the perspective of Kaplan (2015), it tends to be said that whistleblowing is advocated when an approach, item or report makes extensive and genuine damage to partners. A circumstance when ones assurance concern negate with moral maintainability, whistle-blowing is supported. Then again, Gao, Greenberg and Wong-On-Wing (2015) brought up that one more likely than not archived proof in regards to the moral issue before battling for its support. Trade of classified data for serious edge that may prompt infringement of information security must be heightened through whistle blowing. In this way, under the referenced conditions whistleblowing is legitimized. Thinking about the circumstance of Michael, it very well may be said that whistleblowing is legitimized. This is on the grounds that he has the report and supporting proof. Additionally, it must be said that there is an inconsistency between Michaels resolve and hierarchical morals. Then again, the primary concern will be the effect on corporate picture once the reports are known by the media. Such moral issues once featured by media, will be known to open and different partners, which will most likely force a negative effect. In this way, Michael needs to whistle blow so the two his own picture and corporate picture doesn't get influenced. Significance of Ethics in Business Right off the bat, it must be said that morals frames the resolve and uplifting mentality while settling on choices with respect to authoritative supportability, consequently improving corporate governance.Managers while taking any choice whenever found to have positive and inventive thoughts that probably won't disregard information insurance and copyright ideas, at that point most likely there will be no negative exposure. This will guarantee moral business procedures and in the long run notoriety will be reestablished. Furthermore, corporate culture advanced with morals will most likely make a feeling of pride among the representatives. Ethically solid people when see authoritative procedures as very advocated, at that point without a doubt it will upgrade the straightforwardness among representatives. Moral business will help in making solid security among the partners too, which will thus result is corporate maintainability. Thirdly, moral busi

Tips for Planning College Tour Trips

HomeApplyCampus visitsPlanning Some College Tour Trips? Heres How To Save Yourself Time, Money, and HeartacheThis page may contain affiliate links.Nov 6, 2019Are you a high school freshman or sophomore, or the parent of someone who is? If so, you’re probably wondering about planning some college tour trips. When’s the best time to start? And where to begin? On the one hand, you don’t need to schedule college visits and hit the road just yet. On the other, it is time to start planning. Time you invest now will save you lots of time and stress later. If you don’t plan ahead, it won’t be a pretty picture. I’ve seen it many times. Every fall, I hear from panicky seniors, scrambling to complete their college applications. Just as they’re writing their essays, many are still trying to firm up their college lists. Some add and drop colleges on a daily basis. By the time December rolls around, the colleges they end up applying to are often ones they haven’t visited, while colleges they did visit have been scratched from the list. This leaves the students, as well as the moms and dads, playing a frantic game of catch-up, as they try to figure out how to schedule last-minute college visits and interviews during late-fall weekends and winter breaks. At this point, there is never enough time to get it all done. Sometimes, even favored schools fall by the wayside amidst the chaos. Don’t Jump The Gun On Setting Up College Tours How and why does this happen? Often it happens because eager, well-meaning parents jump the gun. They start planning college visits before the student has taken the time to do research or serious thinking. It may start during the summer before junior year, when Aunt Mollie, in Durham, North Carolina, is celebrating her 50thbirthday and it seems, to Mom and Dad, like the perfect excuse to plan a family road trip to see southern colleges. Or it may begin with Dad, who wants to see his buddy in New Hampshire, right near Dartmouth College. Wouldn’t that college be a neat place to apply to, don’t you think, David? There’s nothing wrong with family road trips that incorporate college visits. Especially when they involve picturesque locations, they can be lots of fun. But life is short, high school goes fast, and we only have so much time. The long weekends you spend driving to Duke or Dartmouth will inevitably eclipse other visits you could have, and probably should have,made to colleges that may be a better fit for you. Come senior year, you may rue the week you spent doing the southern circuit of college tours, the ten days visiting California schools, and the weekends flying into Chicago, Portland, Dallas and other cities, when you finally realize you want to stick to colleges in New York and New England. Read Before You Go On Any College Visits This brings me to the first, most important rule of college visits. Start with the book. Yes, the book. Although some folks skip over the paper step and simply start researching on the internet, I strongly believe an actual book is the first and best place to begin. Books are faster to use and better organized. Buy the Fiske Guide to Colleges, or an equivalent college guide. Spend the necessary hours, weeks or even months browsing through its pages, reading about various schools. From time to time, close the book and simply think about what you want out of college. This will mostly depend, of course, on what you want out of life. Your freshman and sophomore years of high school are exactly the right time to start asking yourself these big questions. If you start pondering now, you’ll be better able to deal with college a few years down the line. Let your questions gestate, as you flip through the college guide. What do you like to do? What are you especially good at? Can you imagine spending four years at a school in a city? What about a quiet campus in the country? Would you prefer a big research university that includes grad students? Or would you be happier at a small, liberal arts college with just a couple thousand people your age? These are hard questions to answer. But the sooner you start asking them, the more likely you’ll know by senior year. How Can You Know Until You Go Visit Colleges? Many people ask that question. This is based on the clichà ©, â€Å"You’ll know it when you see it,† which claims that teenagers need to visit dozens of schools in many locations. When they do so, they will come upon the perfect college just right for them, and they’ll fall in love with it. This will result in happiness. That’s a myth. Every year, thousands of teens and their families are misled by slick tours of beautiful campuses and think they’ve found love. It’s so easy to be swayed by ephemeral experiences—the way the sun slants through red maple leaves on an October day, the crackling logs in the fireplace of an admissions office or the friendly student who leads your tour. These are all moments that may happen once and never again during your four years at the school. They may put you in a good mood that day. But they are not the stuff to base important decisions on. I don’t mean that college visits aren’t important. You may learn things on a visit that you’ll never get from a book: whether a campus feels sleepy or bustling, whether student housing looks appealing or overcrowded, for example. But there are also things you can learn in five minutes from a book, or the internet, that you might not glean after traipsing around a campus for hours: the special programs in your areas of interest and the quantities of financial aid available, are two important ones. Make A List Of Potential Colleges Do the serious book research first. Supplement it with internet research: visit each college’s website and click around. Also, look for recent articles about the school. You want to get as complete a picture as possible. When evaluating colleges, don’t forget to consider geography and cost, as well as the academic requirements. Using your research as a base, start a list of colleges that sound like they’d meet your needs and interests. This is just a preliminary list, of course. You’ll probably change your thinking, as well as your list, before you get to senior year. But that list is a good place to start, and it beats planning your college visits around Aunt Molly’s birthday trip. Now you’re ready to start planning your visits. Be sure to consult with your parents. If possible, first plan one or two short trips to schools near where you live. This will give you the chance to â€Å"get your feet wet† without spending too much time or money. As time goes on, you can travel to the colleges further afield. Make A College Visit Check List And Know The Rules Of The Game It’s important to know the rules and regulations of each college before you visit. This may include visiting hours and parking regulations. Check out the school’s website for information. Most colleges offer campus tours and information sessions on certain days. Sometimes you will be asked to register on-line ahead of time. Whenever possible, you should attend both the tour and the information session, because both offer valuable information. They also provide the opportunity for you to ask questions. Every college has its own academic calendar, which you’ll find posted on-line. Be sure to check the calendar before planning your visit. You wouldn’t want to arrive, only to find all the students and professors away on vacation. On arrival, be sure to check in with the Admissions Office, before joining the next information session or tour. If you have enough time, you might want to sit in on a class (ask permission first) or dine in the cafeteria. The more time you allow, the more you’ll be able to see. [Insightful Questions To Ask An Admissions Officer] Timing is Everything If you can create a college list and plan your first visits during sophomore year, you’ll be ahead of the game. But all students should begin this project no later than the summer before junior year. No matter when you begin your college visits, don’t make any until you’re ready: Read the book. Surf the net. Make the list. Plan the trip. Make the visit. Things will be smoother this way. You won’t spend as much time and money. And, best of all, you’ll get to senior year feeling so much calmer.

The Heart And Soul Of People s Innermost Thoughts And...

Life is a mystery in which new discoveries are made on a daily basis. While on a personal level or higher, people s’ perspectives alter others’ moods and opinions. However, although human beings have traits that allow others to change, can the same be said about texts? The famous author C. S. Lewis once said that â€Å"Literature adds to reality, it does not simply describe it. It enriches the necessary competencies that daily life requires and provides; and in this respect, it irrigates the deserts that our lives have already become. (Lewis)† Among this sense of literature, there lies poetry. This form of writing takes the heart and soul of people’s innermost thoughts and questions, and portrays them in a sense that makes the readers themselves question what their reality is. Some scholars would say that no other poet does this better than Emily Dickinson, As an adult, she spent her days within the confines of her home. In this time, she wrote many pieces of short literature that were later discovered. According to the Emily Dickinson Museum, â€Å"Her quiet life was infused with a creative energy that produced almost 1800 poems and a profusion of vibrant letters. (Emily Dickinson’s Biography)† Within these collections, Dickinson writes about what seem to be shallow questions, such as the concept of being noticed. However, under the surface, is there more? â€Å"The Soul Selects her own Society† represents human understanding as something boundless and unlimited, while â€Å"There is aShow MoreRelatedChange in American Social Values in Thomas Mertons Rain and the Rhinoceros and Fire Watch1697 Words   |  7 PagesA query from Thomas Merton: â€Å"Can’t I just be in the woods without any special reason?† (TMSM, 391). The question returns with each reading of Merton’s earlier works. 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The Language of Love in Twelfth Night Essay - 2005 Words

Language of Love Throughout the history of literature and writing, love has been one of few constant human experiences and themes. Love can be expressed, viewed, and taken in many different ways. According to Webster’s Dictionary, the term love is defined as, â€Å"a feeling of strong or constant affection for a person; attraction that can include sexual desire or the strong affection felt by people who have a romantic relationship; and/or a warm attachment, enthusiasm, or devotion† (Webster). It is difficult to decipher an exact meaning of love or situation where love is shown since this word has such a broad definition. In Shakespeare’s play, Twelfth Night, love is expressed frequently and in quite a specific way. Particularly, throughout†¦show more content†¦Shakespeare uses a specific language through his writing technique that builds this vision of love and provokes power and dominance over his characters. Carolin Biewer, in â€Å"The Semantics of Passion in Shake speare’s Comedies: An Interdisciplinary Study,† explains Elizabethan psychology and how the terminology and concepts of this psychology are used within Shakespeare’s plays to reveal not only true, but artificial feelings. Elizabethan psychology was devised by, â€Å"†¦philosophers Plato and Aristotle and the physicians Hippocrates and Galen,† (Biewer 507) and viewed the passions as an inner body feeling and any verbal expression of feelings will allude to the physical complement of that passion. Biewer explores Elizabethan psychology and found that, â€Å"Central among these psychological doctrines of the Elizabethan era was the doctrine of the three degrees of love† (508). These degrees of love parallel the ideas that one may experience love driven by senses, love driven by thoughts, and love driven by the brain, each possessing a deeper meaning. 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Financial Management Evaluating The Investment Opportunity - Sample

Question: Discuss about the case study Financial Management for Evaluating the Investment Opportunity. Answer: Introduction: The overall study mainly depicts the financial analysis, which could be used by Fanny to open a Choc-O-Lay branch in US Chicago. Furthermore, the novice effectively analyses the entire cost requirement, which could be conducted in the new business for smoothly running all the operations. Moreover, the study effectively evaluates the breakeven analysis for the new proposed business, which is essential for its survival in competitive market. Furthermore, the breakeven analysis could help Fanny depict the required amount of sales, which could be generated each month for the survival of the business. Brigham and Ehrhardt (2013) mentioned that evaluation of breakeven analysis mainly helps businesspersons to understand the sales needed for continued growth of the company. In addition, the study also evaluates and analyses profit and loss statement of the new proposed business for the first year. This analysis could eventually help Fanny understand the first year income, which could be generated after opening Choc-O-Lay branch. In this context, Brigham and Houston (2012) stated that evaluation of projected profits mainly help investor to make adequate investment decisions, which in turn increases their overall return on investment. On the other hand, Oikonomou et al. (2012) criticises that without adequate research, projected profits from an investment could eventually be reduced and hamper the investment capital. In addition, the study also evaluates and prepares a balance sheet, which could be reviewed by Fanny to understand the overall asset accumulation needed in the first year of incorporation. The study also helps in depicting the overall monthly cash flow that could be generated from first year of transactions. In addition, cash flow evaluation could also help in depicting the overall cash expenditure that might be conducted during the first year of incorporation. Moreover, with the help of sensitivity analysis the overall evaluation of different activities could be estimated. On the contrary, Mousavi et al. (2013) mentioned that sensitivity analysis could lose friction during an economic crisis, which might negatively affect operations of the new business. Furthermore, the novice effectively prepares a discounted cash flow statement, which could be used by the Fanny to evaluate the profitability from investment. According to Call et al. (2013), discounted cash flow mainly helps in depicting the time value of projected profits generated from business plan. Nevertheless, Farshadfar and Monem (2013) criticises that discounted cash flow does not accommodate change in inflati on rate, which might increase overall cost and hamper profits of the new business. Analysing the Breakeven Analysis for the proposed business: Figure 1: Depicting the break analysis for the proposed business (Source: As created by the author) The overall figure 1 mainly depicts the breakeven analysis for the proposed new business. In addition, with the help of selling and cost prices analysis the overall number of units that could be needed for the survival of new business can be effectively evaluated. Alhabeeb (2012) mentioned that with the help of breakeven analysis the investors are able to determine the overall limited number of sales units, which could be conducted to attain no profit no loss. On the other hand, Morgan et al. (2015) mentioned that breakeven analysis loses its friction if the data used in the calculation is irrelevant. Figure 2: Depicting the break sales and units for the proposed business (Source: As created by the author) Moreover, with the help of figure 2, the overall diagrammatic view of the breakeven units and sales could be effectively analysed. In addition, the above diagrammatic view could help Fanny understand the concept of breakeven analysis and how it is essential for continues growth of the company. In addition, $18,892.31 is mainly depicted, as the overall breakeven sales, which could be conducted by Fanny in her new proposed business to attain no profit and no loss. Moreover, the overall break-even unit that needs to be maintained by Fanny in her new Choc-O-Lay branch is 157 units. Khurshid et al. (2014) cited that determination of number of units, which could help in maintaining continuity of the business mainly, allows the management to make adequate pricing strategy to increase its market share. Nevertheless, Nykamp et al. (2014) argued that continuation of no profit no loss strategy could eventually affect future growth of the company and might reduce its liquidity. Analysis of the Profit and Loss statement at the end of first year for the proposed business: Figure 3: Depicting the Profit and Loss statement for the proposed business (Source: As created by the author) With the help of figure 3, the overall profits and loss statement for the new proposed project could be effectively evaluated. Moreover, in the first year of the operation Fanny could eventually have a profit of around $25,434, which is effective for continues growth of the new Choc-O-Lay branch. Bartov and Mohanram (2014) mentioned that calculation of projected profits from a new venture mainly help companies to evaluate the overall return that could be generated from operations. On the contrary, Kim et al. (2013) stated that projected profits could lose its friction during an economic crisis, which in turn affects investment capital of the company. After effective analysis, the overall demand for the Choc-O-Lay products in USA could help Fanny achieve the targeted profits in first year. Furthermore, from figure 3, the rising material cost is also depicted, which is mainly hampering profits of the company. Fanny could effectively use social media marketing to promote Choc-O-Lay products in USA. Healy and Palepu (2012) stated that companies with the help of effective online marketing are able to promote their products and increase their capacity to reach potential customers. However, Oberholzer (2013) criticises that any changes in assumed demand could negatively affect the actual profits and hamper cash reserves of the new venture. Furthermore, Fanny could not take advantage of tax exemptions, as she will invest her own capital in the new Choc-O-Lay branch. Analysis of the Balance Sheet statement at the end of first year for the proposed business: Figure 4: Depicting the Balance Sheet statement for the proposed business (Source: As created by the author) Figure 4 mainly depicts the overall projected balance sheet for the new Choc-O-Lay branch that will be opened by Fanny in USA. In addition, after evaluating the balance sheet, overall asset and liability that could be accumulated within first year of operations can be effectively analysed. Moreover, the total owners contribution for the new Choc-O-Lay branch is around $180,982. This mainly depicts the limited amount of money, which will be invested by Fanny from her retirement fund. In this context, Hormann and Schabert (2015) mentioned that projected balance sheet mainly help investors to evaluate the total investment capital that will be required in the new venture. On the other hand, Velicogna and Wahr (2013) criticises that without adequate research, balance sheet valuation might lose its friction and negatively affect projected profitability of the company. In addition, figure 4 also helps in analysing the overall inventory, which could be maintained by Fanny during 1 year of the operations. Jimenez and Ongena (2012) suggested that with the help of inventory valuation, investors are able to determine the quick ratio, which is used in understanding financial stability of the company. Furthermore, with the help of inventory valuation, Fanny could get the overall minimum inventory balance that could be maintained during first year of operations. On the other hand, Del and Sims (2015) criticises that increased inventory investment could eventually block essential working capital and might reduce productivity of the company. Furthermore, Fanny could effectively invest in refrigerator, distribution rights, market research, and website designing to increase its overall assets. In addition, these investments could eventually help in maintaining the level of productivity that is required for the new Choc-O-Lay branch. Kim (2016) mentioned that adequate accumulation of assets mainly help new business to increase their productivity and profitability. However, Paci (2012) criticises that increased investment in assets could block essential working capital, which negatively affect productivity of the company. Moreover, the overall current liabilities for the projected balance sheet are employee salary and labour cost of packing, which is at $3400. In addition, the overall depiction of current liabilities mainly helps Fanny to evaluate the overall financial obligations that could be incurred from the new proposed business. Aysun and Hepp (2013) stated that evaluation of liabilities mainly help investors to analyse the financial strength of the company. On the contrary, Gambacorta et al. (2014) criticises that increased accumulation of liabilities mainly reduces current ratio of the company, which in turn might affect its ability to support their current financial obligations. However, total liability and total asset of the new proposed business is at $209,815. In addition, this overall valuation of the balance sheet could mainly help Fanny in determining the viability of the investment opportunity (Del and Sims 2015). Moreover, the balance sheet, and income statement evaluation, Fanny could determine the overall profits that could be generated from the new venture for the first fiscal year. Analysis of the Monthly and annual Cash Flow statement for the first year for the proposed business: With the help of figure 5, the overall monthly cash flow statement for the first year can be effectively analysed. Moreover, this cash flow statement could help Fanny understand the liquidity requirements of the new venture. Serban (2013) stated that cash flow evaluation mainly depicts the overall cash transaction that is conducted by the company for the current fiscal year. In addition, the cash flow statement mainly depicts loss in operating cash flow generated for first six months. However, after the initial first six months there is a gradual rise in operating cash flow, which might help in supporting the overall activities of the new venture. In addition, due to declined sales in the first six month the profits generated from sales were not adequate, which could negatively affect its cash availability. On the contrary, Khanji and Siam (2015) criticises that without adequate market research new venture could lose friction and hamper profitability of the company. Moreover, due the expenditure of $116,510 of initial investment during the first month could mainly reduce cash balance of the proposed business. In addition, the cash flow also depicts the overall expenses that will be conducted over the period of first fiscal year. Collins et al. (2014) mentioned that determination of adequate liquidity requirements in a new business mainly helps in reducing slack time. On the other hand, Miao et al. (2016) companies with the help of NPV valuation is able to determine the adequate investment opportunity, which might provide higher return from investment. In addition, figure 5 also depicts the annual cash flow statement, which could be helpful in analysing the overall expenditure, income, and profits generated in the current fiscal year. Moreover, highest expenditure is conducted on material cost, which is imported from UK. In addition, closing cash balance due to negative transaction declined until first six month but effectively increased for rest of the fiscal year. Total cash inflow for the first year stands at $-25,109.6, which is adequate for first year operations. Farshadfar and Monem (2013) argued that evaluation of total cash flow statement mainly help investors to analyse the transactions that is conducted by companies in the current fiscal year. Analysis of the Discounted Cash Flow statement for the proposed business: The discounted cash flow is based on the analysis of five years with the operating cash flow for the first financial year shows a negative balance of $25,110. However, in the subsequent year the operating cash flow represents the cash flow amount of $30,132. The amount of initial cash flow is subjected to rise at a rate of 20 per cent per annum. The discounted cash flow also shows that capital expenditure incurred for the first financial year stands $116,510. Free cash flow for the first financial year represents a negative value of $141,620. On the subsequent year, the free cash flow stands $30,132 and for the final year, the free cash flow stands $52,067 approximately. The analysis also gives rise that the average free cash flow growth rate is represents 45.33% annually. According to Larrabee and Voss (2012), the concept of discounted cash flow states that it is a methodology employed to assess the investment by taking into the considerations the anticipated rate of accumulated int erest. Figure 6: Depicting the Discounted Cash Flow statement for the proposed business (Source: As created by the author) Fanny current discounted cash flow shows the present discounted value of cash in a negative value of 150,813. It is to be noted that the discounted cash flow is forward looking method rather than depending on the historical view of cost. It is argued that a business may not yield the desired amount of profit however; it does not necessarily depend upon the historical cost data. On the other hand, Heinrichs et al. (2013) argued that the method of DCF is more inclined towards the fundamental expectations of the business, and does not includes the volatile external factors in the analysis. The benefit of using the DCF cash flow is that it enables the analysis of different components of business rather than evaluating each component separately. Evaluating the overall capital needed for the proposed business: Fenny received $475,000 after her retirement and the overall capital requirement for Choc-O-Lay will be $200,000 with the owners equity contribution of $180,982. The information derived from the forecasted balance sheet states that Fenny is looking forward to acquire inventory of worth $78327, which will be her initial amount of investment for the opening stock of raw materials. In addition, to this deposit derived from the industrial room stood $1260 with opening cash balance of $39,362. The total amount of current assets stands $118,949 for the first forecasted financial year. On the other hand, Fenny is also looking forward to acquire fixed assets in the form of Refrigerator with annual depreciation value of $1050 under the fixed straight-line method. The refrigerator will be depreciated at a span of five years with no residual value (Peirson et al. 2014). Fenny will also be acquiring the marketing and distribution rights of worth $100,000. It is to be noted that marketing and distribution rights will be be depreciated in the span of five years under fixed line method with $20,000 per year. The forecasted balance sheet shows that other fixed assets such market research, website designing will be amortized, and all the assets will have the span of five years (Larrabee and Voss 2012). The total amount of fixed assets will be $90,867 for the first financial year. The current liabilities consist of the outstanding expenses with the salary of employees and labor cost of packaging $2650 and $750 respectively. According to Fabozzi and Peterson (2013), it could be noted that investment made in inventories could essentially lead to lock up of initial amount of capital. In this context, Healy and Palepu (2012) further stated that until the expiry of lock in period, no inventory turnover is possible and this could possibly lead to absolute inventory or abnormal loss of inventories due to pilferage or lean sales. The analysis is based on the critical evaluation of owners equity contribution, which could have been slightly on the higher side as the total amount of equity after net tax deduction stands $206,415. Evaluating the Sensitivity analysis that could be used by Fanny for the proposed business: Sensitivity analysis can be defined as the study of determining the uncertainty regarding the output of the mathematical model or systems, which can be allocated to different source of uncertain inputs. The procedure of calculating the desired outcomes under the alternative assumptions is to determine the impact of a variable input under the sensitivity analysis for determining the useful for a range of purpose (DeFusco et al. 2015). The impacts of policies and programs adopted by Choc-O-Lay may turn out to be difficult to measure or predict and the values yielded from this impact is difficult to monetize. With the implementation of sensitivity analysis techniques Choc-O-Lay can examine the degree of uncertainty in the cost benefits analysis and shows the reasons behind inputs which effects the results derived from business. Figure 7: Depicting the sensitivity for breakeven analysis for the proposed business (Source: As created by the author) The break even for the first year is $120.00 sales per unit with variable cost of material $86.88 having a conversion rate of $1.12, packaging and shipping cost and credit card charges are of $2.00 and $1.20 respectively. Packaging and shipping cost is considered as variable due to the changing nature of production level. On the other hand, rent for industrial room and employees salary is considered as fixed cost having the worth of $420.00 and $2650.00 respectively (Lerner et al. 2012). At the operating level of 120.00 per unit, Choc-O-Lay will have to sale an approx of 1889 units to attain the level of break-even sales after incurring the contribution cost of $95,405. On the other hand, Choc-O-Lay if decides to sell $108 per unit annually, it will incur the cost of material of worth $86.88 with conversion rate of $1.12. On the implementation of discount, Choc-O-Lay will be able to sale 4834 units to achieve the breakeven point with contribution of $73.892. It is noted that Fenny would incur a cost of 100,000 to acquire the marketing rights. The rights acquired would have a life span of five years. However, it is to be noted that she has received a sum of $475,000 during the time of retirement and if Fanny decides to invest the amount directly received would not get the benefit of tax exemption and this would lead to lock in of capital as well. On the other hand, if Fanny decides to take loan and employ the same to acquire the rights she would get the benefit of tax exemptions, which will further enable her to earn interest by investing in fixed deposits schemes (Aysun and Hepp 2013). The interest gain on fixed deposit could range from 3 to 5 per cent on annual basis. The principle amount of investment in fixed deposit scheme includes $100,000 that will be invested to earn fixed interest of $20,000 on annual basis. The interest earned from the fixed deposit schemes would form a part of Fannys additional income. Conclusion and Recommendation: The study mainly helps in evaluating the new business opportunity that could be used by Fanny to increase its income after her retirement. In addition, the novice has effectively prepared projected income, cash flow and balance sheet statement, which could help Fanny in making adequate invest decisions. In addition, the study also helps in evaluating the breakeven sales and units, which could be used by fanny to determine the minimum amount of sales. Moreover, the evaluation of no profit no loss situation could effectively help Fanny to push the number of sales, which might have no negative impact on her investment. Furthermore, the study also provides discounted cash flow statement, which could be used by Fanny in determining the investment viability. In addition, with the help of sensitivity analysis, Fanny could be provided with different situation that might help in her investment decision. Moreover, the study mainly helps Fanny make adequate investment decision, which might in t urn provide adequate return for rest of her life. Recommendation 1: After the overall evaluation of all the projected financial statement, certain amendments could be conducted by Fanny to increase the overall profits from the new business. In addition, the main expenditure is conducted on the materials that will be imported from UK. Moreover, Fanny could purchase the machinery directly from Choc-O-Lay Company to decrease its overall purchases. In addition, this reduce imports could eventually help in decreasing the overall shipping and air freight charges, which in turn could help in improving profitability of the new business. Moreover, Fanny has around $475,000 as her capital, which might effectively help in purchasing the machinery for producing Choc-O-Lay products in US. This method could effectively help in reducing cost of production and improve profitability of the new Choc-O-Lay branch. In addition, the overall breakeven units and sales could also be reduced and helps the company attain more profits. The strategy could also help in determining a positive DCF, which could help in increasing authenticity of the overall proposed business. Recommendation 2: Fanny could demand more discounts on the overall Choc-O-Lay products that is been imported in US. This increased discount could help in reducing cost of material and might help in increasing profitability from the new venture. Furthermore, Fanny could also purchase materials on bulk to initiate more discounts from Choc-O-Lay Company. These increased discounts from purchase price could eventually help in improving profitability of the company, which in turn might have positive effect on cash flow, income, and balance sheet statement. Furthermore, the increased income could also help in obtaining a positive DCF, which might in turn increase viability of the project. Reference: Alhabeeb, M.J., 2012. Break Even Analysis.Mathematical Finance, pp.247-273. Aysun, U. and Hepp, R., 2013. Identifying the balance sheet and the lending channels of monetary transmission: A loan-level analysis.Journal of Banking Finance,37(8), pp.2812-2822. Bartov, E. and Mohanram, P.S., 2014. Does income statement placement matter to investors? The case of gains/losses from early debt extinguishment.The Accounting Review,89(6), pp.2021-2055. Brigham, E.F. and Ehrhardt, M.C., 2013.Financial management: Theory practice. Cengage Learning. Brigham, E.F. and Houston, J.F., 2012.Fundamentals of financial management. Cengage Learning. Call, A.C., Chen, S. and Tong, Y.H., 2013. Are analysts' cash flow forecasts nave extensions of their own earnings forecasts?.Contemporary Accounting Research,30(2), pp.438-465. Collins, D.W., Hribar, P. and Tian, X.S., 2014. Cash flow asymmetry: Causes and implications for conditional conservatism research.Journal of Accounting and Economics,58(2), pp.173-200. DeFusco, R.A., McLeavey, D.W., Pinto, J.E., Anson, M.J. and Runkle, D.E., 2015.Quantitative investment analysis. John Wiley Sons. Del Negro, M. and Sims, C.A., 2015. When does a central bank s balance sheet require fiscal support?.Journal of Monetary Economics,73, pp.1-19. Fabozzi, F.J. and Peterson, P.P., 2013.Analysis of Financial Statements. Wiley. Farshadfar, S. and Monem, R., 2013. 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